Physiological, psychological, social, and cultural influences on the use of menthol cigarettes among Blacks and Hispanics.
نویسنده
چکیده
Patterns of menthol cigarette consumption among Blacks and Hispanics are likely a product of the interactive effects of several factors: the physiological and pharmacological sensory effects of menthol, the "cool" psychological identity of being menthol smokers, the promotional marketing of menthol cigarettes, and the cultural effects of health-related beliefs and subjective culture norms. This article presents two conceptual frameworks--a moderation logic model and a mediation logic model--for organizing the disparate literature on factors affecting the consumption of menthol cigarettes among Blacks and Hispanics. Three factor domains are examined as direct effect predictors of menthol cigarette smoking: (a) physiological and pharmacological, (b) psychological, and (c) social and environmental. In addition, a fourth domain of cultural variables is presented as a class of moderator or mediator variables that can interact with these physiological, psychological, and social factors as determinants of menthol cigarette use. These cultural variables are examined as mediating or moderating factors that influence the use of menthol cigarettes by Black and Hispanic consumers. Recommendations are offered for future research to further understand the influence of cultural and other factors as determinants of menthol cigarette smoking among Blacks and Hispanics.
منابع مشابه
Epidemiology of menthol cigarette use.
Approximately one-fourth of all cigarettes sold in the United States are mentholated. An understanding of the consequences, patterns, and correlates of menthol cigarette use can guide the development and implementation of strategies to reduce smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable morbidity and mortality. This paper summarizes the literature on the health effects of mentholated cigarettes ...
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BACKGROUND The Food and Drug Administration currently is assessing the public health impact of menthol cigarettes. Whether menthol cigarettes pose increased barriers to quitting is a critical issue because previous declines in smoking prevalence have stalled. PURPOSE To explore whether menthol cigarette smokers are less likely to quit than non-menthol smokers at the population level and wheth...
متن کاملIntroduction: Mentholated cigarettes and public health
The Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) oversees the implementation of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, H.R. 1256. Among its many provisions, section 907 (a) of the Tobacco Control Act banned the use of characterizing flavors, specifically excluding only tobacco and menthol flavors from the ban. According to section 907(e)(2), “[n]ot later than...
متن کاملLung cancer risk among smokers of menthol cigarettes.
BACKGROUND Menthol cigarettes, preferred by African American smokers, have been conjectured to be harder to quit and to contribute to the excess lung cancer burden among black men in the Unites States. However, data showing an association between smoking menthol cigarettes and increased lung cancer risk compared with smoking nonmenthol cigarettes are limited. The Food and Drug Administration is...
متن کاملMentholated cigarettes and smoking habits in whites and blacks.
OBJECTIVE To determine if cigarette mentholation is associated with the frequency of smoking and with quitting, and whether mentholation explains racial differences in these two smoking behaviours. DESIGN Cross sectional analysis of case-control data on smoking and lung cancer. SUBJECTS Limited to 19 545 current and former cigarette smokers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Smoking > 20 cigarettes p...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
دوره 6 Suppl 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004